I used to think alcohol was alcohol. Beer...Wine. They both got me drunk. Then I started paying attention. To how beer left me foggy. And how wine didn’t. Here’s what I found 🍺🍷🧵 Wine and Beer Start From Different Foundations Wine is made from fermented grapes. Beer is made from fermented grains. That difference really matters. Grapes naturally contain compounds that survive fermentation and end up in your glass. These include polyphenols, which have been studied for their ability to reduce inflammation, support blood vessels, and protect cells from oxidative stress. Beer starts with starch. After fermentation, most commercial beer is filtered, pasteurized, and standardized. That strips out nearly all of the byproducts that might offer anything beyond alcohol and empty calories. Both wine and beer can include additives that aren't listed on the label. But with wines, more of the beneficial compounds tend to stay in. It is also easier to find low-intervention wines with few additives, and there is a stronger culture of traceability in wine. People care who grew the grapes, how they were grown, and where. You can find good beer and bad wine. But at the baseline, wine has more going for it. Blood Sugar and the Crash Most people chalk up how they feel after drinking to “just a hangover.” But part of that foggy, sluggish feeling is driven by blood sugar swings. Wine, especially dry red wine, has virtually no residual sugar. During fermentation, yeast consumes the natural grape sugars. A standard glass of dry red often contains less than 1 gram of sugar. Beer, on the other hand, contains maltose and residual starch, both of which break down quickly into glucose. This gives it a higher glycemic load, especially when consumed without food or in large quantities. Blood sugar spikes, insulin rises, and then comes the crash. Alcohol itself makes this worse. It inhibits gluconeogenesis, which is your liver’s ability to produce glucose when blood sugar runs low. That makes it harder for your body to recover once blood sugar drops. This is why beer often leaves you drained and cloudy, even after just a couple. Wine avoids about as much of that as possible. Less sugar spike. Less crash. Antioxidants and Inflammation Red wine contains polyphenols like resveratrol, quercetin, and anthocyanins. These compounds have been studied for their role in reducing inflammation and protecting blood vessels. Beer contains some antioxidants from hops and barley, but at much lower levels. The process of filtration and pasteurization removes most of what might help. If you’re going to drink, wine actually gives your body something to work with. Hormonal Effects Beer contains hops, and hops contain a compound called 8-prenylnaringenin. It’s a powerful phytoestrogen, meaning it acts like estrogen in the body. In high enough quantities, it can start shifting hormone levels. Chronic beer consumption has been linked to lower testosterone, reduced libido, and, in some cases, increased body fat in areas like the manboob. Wine doesn’t contain estrogenic compounds like this. Some of the polyphenols in red wine may even slow down how fast your body breaks down testosterone. One lab study found a reduction in testosterone clearance by up to 70 percent. Beer increases estrogen. Wine slows testosterone loss. Transparency and Sourcing Neither beer nor wine is required to list all ingredients or additives on the label. That means you're often drinking blind unless you know the producer. With wine, it's usually easier to trace the origin. There’s a stronger culture around knowing who grew the grapes and how the wine was made. Beer doesn’t have that same emphasis on sourcing. It’s possible, but less common. If you want to drink better, ask questions and buy from people who can answer them. Not all alcohol is created equal. Beer gives you sugar spikes, estrogenic compounds, and fewer nutrients. Wine gives you antioxidants, lower sugar, and for guys, a possible hormonal edge. I’m not saying wine is a health drink. But switching from beer to wine might actually make you feel better. I’ve noticed it myself. I rarely drink beer anymore. Curious if anyone else has had the same experience.