Ah, I see how you're viewing things somewhat. Maybe based on intuitive notions of topology that's true, and historically that may be how things evolved. Set theory is now considered the foundational math, though it wasn't formalized until "modern" times when troubles began to arise in foundations of the existing math (as they sorta pushed its limits I guess).
Now the view is you start with set theory, build out some concepts and definitions, and other stuff is more special areas of interest within that framework.
Look up how topology is defined axiomatically and you'll likely be surprised at how different it is from what you would expect. Just a collection of sets and a couple rules about intersections and unions, that's it. Similarly with algebra. It's all sort of a modern movement from late 1800s onward toward more formalization and abstraction. Type of stuff I'm reading about now.
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ok, maybe what's different in my mind is that i am thinking about it as a phylogeny, that is, you have to look at what is primary before you can get to a given domain. set theory is founded on the fundamental topological concept of a manifold. you can't have a set without that first existing manifold.
imagine the universe just started. what is the first thing that is going to happen? space would be divided up. the shapes would evolve into more complex patterns, this is all topology.
set theory is after the fact. topology lets you start from really zero. then you divide it, and you start to see the beginnings of phyla of things, which you have to have before you can start talking about categorising, grouping, comparing and dividing them from each other.
yes, that's the key, dividing. dividing space, be it a surface or a line or a volume, is the fundamental basis of topology. the ways in which you do this form the first sets.
i still say topology is the root of all mathematics.