If you restrict them to solving only the following problem: predict precisely what you are going to do and do it...
then they have always existed. Everything is a quantum computer.
This may sound like a silly thing to say, but it is very close to what Google did when it claimed quantum supremacy.
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I might be wrong here but quantum computer was developed after chip makers discovered the barrier required to stop an electron was getting too small (think micrometers and lesser), they could not fit as many transistors in a square milimeter as they wanted, therefore, PAF... quantum computer.