Keychat’s browser is partially inspired by WeChat mini programs. By studying WeChat mini programs, we realized that WeChat has swallowed and digested browsers. The relationship between WeChat and mini programs is fundamentally similar to that between a web browser and web apps. Most importantly, WeChat provides mini programs with identity and payment services. However, WeChat has monopolized the ecosystem. Developers must register with WeChat, and only WeChat can serve as the sole browser for mini programs. In contrast, Keychat’s ID and wallet are open and permissionless.