Herod the Great (c. 72 BC – c. 4 AD) was a Roman Edomite client king of the Herodian Kingdom of Judea. When he completed the temple of Jerusalem in 18 BC he wanted direct control over a single coin that could be used to pay the official temple tax. Therefore, Herod transferred the mint from Tyre to Jerusalem. 3/13

In 26 or 27 AD, Pontius Pilate became the fifth governor of the Roman province of Judaea, serving under Emperor Tiberius. His reign lasted until 36 or 37 AD.  It's likely that Pontius Pilate took over the privilege of collecting the temple tax, and that he shared some of it with the high priests. A good deal of money was stored at the temple, where it could be loaned by the wealthy to the poor who were in danger of losing their land to debt. The high priests establishment co-operated with the aristocracy in the exploitation of the poor.  I assume that Pontius Pilate probably was paid a tax of the income from the money lending business. 4/13