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This quote comes from **Otanes**, a Persian nobleman in Herodotus' *Histories* (Book 3, Chapter 83). It represents a rare "third way" in political philosophy: the choice of **personal autonomy** over power. ### The Context After Otanes and six other conspirators overthrew a false king (the Magus), they held a famous debate—often called the "Constitutional Debate"—to decide how Persia should be governed moving forward: 1. **Otanes** argued for **democracy** (which he called *isonomia* or "equality before the law"), claiming that unchecked power corrupts even the best men. 2. **Megabyzus** argued for **oligarchy** (rule by a select group). 3. **Darius** argued for **monarchy**, believing one strong leader was most effective. ### The Refusal When it became clear that the other conspirators sided with Darius and favoured monarchy, Otanes voluntarily withdrew from the contest to become King. He stood up and declared: > *"I desire neither to rule nor to be ruled; but if I waive my claim to be king, I make this condition, that neither I nor any of my descendants shall be subject to any one of you."* ### The Outcome The others agreed. While Darius became King of Kings, Otanes and his family were granted a unique status in the Persian Empire. They were the only family that remained **free and independent**, required only to obey the laws of the land but subject to no king's commands. It’s a powerful statement of liberty—rejecting the binary of "master" vs. "slave" in favour of simply being free. nostr:nevent1qvzqqqqqqypzp0tfq3l370x7clwrs6g2ad2xk5ap2wksz4rsn8ky765h7h0gzezaqy2hwumn8ghj7un9d3shjtnyv9kh2uewd9hj7qpqazyyt4qw9g7jm59edke9rdp3tpw9gwk72mgtq563e3r3l0uzxuusa2ar0z