My understanding is that we have 4mb max block size and if 1 transaction is 4mb they will have to pay massive fees because the bigger the transaction the more fees they have to pay.
There is a huge cost to spam.
I am not worried about this
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Fees are set by price-per-byte, not by “big transaction = big fee.”
When blocks aren’t full, the price floor is tiny, so a blob that fills an entire block can ride in for that same low rate—cheap for the sender, but every node must download and keep those extra megabytes forever.
Why would they pay 4x more for an opreturn rather than use witness space?