Former Intel CEO Pat Gelsinger believes the key to keeping Moore's Law alive is light.
Specifically, moving past the 13.5-nanometer wavelength light that ASML's current lithography machines use to etch chips.
After leaving Intel in late 2024, Gelsinger joined Playground Capital as a general partner focused on deep tech semiconductor startups.
His biggest bet is xLight, a company developing free-electron laser lithography that could push wavelengths down to 5, 4, 3, even 2 nanometers.
The goal isn't to compete with ASML but to make their machines better.
On AI hardware, Gelsinger says GPUs won't be the endgame. "My job at Playground is to make AI 10,000 times better, not 10 times. That will happen on chips that don't look like today's GPUs."
He expects inference to swing away from GPU dominance as new chip architectures emerge.
On energy: "In a digital AI age, energy capacity is economic capacity. We were so consumed with climate that we forgot about capacity."
He's backing Alva Energy for nuclear upgrading and says the winners in AI will be those with the energy to build.
On the semiconductor industry's trajectory, he says the industry expected to hit $1 trillion by 2030. Now it'll get there next year. AI blew the door wide open.
