Since Bitcoin Core v30 the "datacarriersize is increased to 100,000 by default, which effectively uncaps the limit (as the maximum transaction size limit will be hit first)" 
The default value in the previous Bitcoin Core version was 83 bytes, that is enough for monetary use cases, e.g. Peg-In transactions to the Liquid sidechain require an OP-RETRUN size of 36 bytes.
Bitcoin Core
Bitcoin Core 30.0
Bitcoin Core 30.0
