A winemaker in the USA can add any of these acidity adjusters to their wine without disclosing the info to the consumer. calcium carbonate malic acid tartaric acid lactic acid potassium bicarbonate sodium bicarbonate potassium hydroxide sodium hydroxide ammonium carbonate ammonium chloride ammonium hydroxide magnesium carbonate sodium carbonate The only way to know what is in your wine is to ask the winemaker directly. Shake your Winemaker's Hand