"The modern state of India"
"The history of modernity in India is a history of industrialisation with massive internal instability arising from the conflicts between the desires of the modernists and the desire of people who oppose some aspects of modernity. (They don't reject all aspects of modernity). Even when the people oppose a specific aspect of modernity and not all of it, it becomes apparent that the modern state of india is not able to act upon its supposed 'functions'."
"Look at the conflict between north India and south India which is related to other topics but one of those topics of tension is related to the langauge where north Indians tend to speak Hindi whilst south indians tend to speak dravidian languages (Tamil, telugu). The tensions between the central government and the southern states have exacerbated over the topic of language to the extent of which that only around 41% of the population speak Hindi which is viewed as an 'official language' whilst the rest of the population of the southern states speak in Dravidian languages. One of the not so spoken much about aspect of the modern state is the centralisation of language where there is an emphasis on the language of the state. So when you see modi speaking in either English or Hindi, less than 50% of the population of India understand what he is saying. In comparison to areas such as France, France used to have a range of dialects and langauges. After the 'revolution' the french engaged in language centralisation."
"A feature of the modern state is citizenship. The modernist believes that the citizen generally have the same rights as another citizen. This view of citizenship goes against Hinduism. Hinduism does not generally emphasises on doctrine and it is a ritualistic religion similar to confucianism. Hinduism does center around the hindu caste system where you find Hindus unable to define what Hinduism is when they worship different false idols whilst they're willing to tell you which 'caste' they belong to. That hindu belief is a rejection of the view that there is equality between individuals when the 'brahmin' views the dalit as a 'dog' and he doesn't believe that the dalit is part of the Hindu caste system. There have been several militias who believe in the hindu caste system who do not care about people outside their perceived 'caste' and this correlates with them being apathetic towards 'Indian' nationalism. The tensions between the 'indian' modernist and the hindu who believes in this caste system still continues today and that there isn't really a supposed 'Indian national identity' that unites Indians as there are tensions over language, ethnicity and Hindus who believe in the Hindu caste systems. At the same time the Indian modernists try to 'stop' their conflict with their hatred of Muslims. In other words Indian modernists believes indian nationalism which centers around anti-islamic views. The Indian state has tried to including the current hindutva government is their attempt of undermining hindus who believe in the Hindu caste system where they push 'caste reservations' where Hindus who are perceived by others as being part of a 'lower caste' are able to obtain jobs more easily with government support."
"Another feature of modernity specifically on the topic of modern technology and infrastructure. Although this topic is quite broad if you look at the introduction of cars, roads and headlights, you get an idea of how unstable the usage of modern technics and how missing one piece of modern technics has led to the dysfunctionality of the other modern technics in 'India'. For example, plastic bottles. Plastic bottles is widely used worldwide but usually the westerner dumps the plastic bottle in a recycling bin and there is a culture relating to putting plastic bottles in the recycling bin as its expected within a western society which has not only used modern technics but it has also responded to some of the excesses of it. In india, there is little to no recycling bins and as they do not expect others to place it in the recycling bin when the Indian government has not built this recycling infrastructure and they have not promoted a culture of recycling amongst the Indian population and what you see is the excesses of plastic bottles where there plastic waste all over the area and various types of pollutions associated with it."
"Another form of modern technics which have been associated with havoc and chaos is the transportation infrastructure and rotting roads where there are loads of cars, lorries and vans that roam across the road at high speed whilst there is a lack of warnings, the lack of road maintenance and the lack of culture which informs the members of that society about being careful around vehicles which has been associated with several violent events where a person has died after being hit by either a car, train or being involved in some crash where numerous people have died. The general pattern you see of the introduction of modern technics in India is that it is very disintegrated and disjointed such that modern technics in india is known to be associated with chaos, pollution and various adverse stuff and it could be argued that there India doesn't have a culture which actually responds to these modern technics where you see incidents happening."
"The modernisation of india is story in which the Indians imported 'modernity' and instead of this supposed 'idealised westernised country' you see a dysfunctional 'modern' state which acts similar to a pre-modern empire."