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‘She’s nice country. But she was stole a long time ago,’ a man tells Pa and Tom and Uncle John as they bathe in the Colorado River. In the 1930s, and today, most California farming is corporate farming, muscular and ever expanding, as dependent on migrant labor today as it has been for over a century.”
- On Reading The Grapes of Wrath, Chapter 13, The Salinas Lettuce Strike, 1936
“The ‘shipper-growers of California,’ said Carey McWilliams, author of Factories in the Field (1939), a sociological study of migrant labor that came out shortly after Steinbeck’s novel, ‘the men who own, control, and direct the state’s fantastically rich produce industry, are a strange breed, one that must be studied at close range over a period of years to be fully appreciated. It is a breed long addicted to violence . . . in the area of labor relations they are spoiled, stupid, and arrogant.’
Steinbeck had a story about a grower he met in the late 1930s, John saying to him: ‘you keep calling them communists. What do you mean?’
‘I mean any son-of-a-bitch who wants 30 cents an hour when I’m willing to pay him two bits.’
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